12/27/2023 0 Comments Hydrological processes![]() These studies may focus on hydrographic basin scale or global scales. The current strategy for estimating impacts of climate scenarios on river flow regimes is to use the Global Circulation Models (GCM) outputs as input for hydrological models. ![]() Increasing runoffs in the La Plata River basin and decreasing ones in the Central Andes (Chile, Argentina) in the second half of the 20th century have been associated with changes in precipitation. (2014) identified changes in stream flow and water availability that are projected to continue into the future in South America, affecting already vulnerable regions. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change-IPCC Fourth (AR4) and Fifth (AR5) Assessment Reports (available from: highlight the regions on earth that are more vulnerable to climate change, changes such as the increase or decrease of the total annual precipitation and by dryness or wetness that on the long-term affect the basin-scale water budget. Global climate changes are expected to take place in the next decades as a result of population growth, land use change and climate change. These alterations may vary in intensity according to climate characteristics, dry or wet lands, and the magnitude of the change. The spatio-temporal patterns that characterize the hydrological response of a watershed may be altered due to changes in climate. In the natural system of a watershed, a number of hydrological processes take place in different space-time frequencies and scales, influenced by physical characteristics related to soil, vegetation, geology, relief, and the drainage network, as well as by prevailing meteorological conditions and mostly the characteristics of the rainfall event. Hydrological variables and water resources. The results highlight the most climatic sensitive regions in Brazil in terms of The Northwest, Amazon and a small area along the Northeast Atlantic coastĮxhibited intensification of the extremes discharges, where the anomaly is South) and the major basins for hydroelectric power generation are affected. WaterĪvailability decreases in almost the entire study area (exception for the Of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration in the scenarios. The simulations showed the response of the hydrographic regions due to change The change in the average and extremes of precipitation,Įvapotranspiration, rates of river discharge and soil moisture were assessed. These projections adopted two emission scenarios, the The Eta model provided theĭownscaling of the baseline (1961-1990) and three time-slices (2011-2040,ĩ9). Regional Climate Model, at 20 km resolution. To drive the large-scale hydrological model MGB-IPH is derived from theĭownscaling of two global climate models, HadGEM2-ES and MIROC5, by the Eta Pantanal wetlands and temperate climate in the South. The study area consists of different climates and landĬovers such as the Amazon Forest, Northeast Semiarid, Brazilian Savannah, Hydrological simulations are carried out in total drainageĪrea of about 11,535,645 km 2 and average stream flow of aboutĢ72,460 m 3/s. Scenarios on water resources and hydrological processes across the entireīrazilian territory. Objective of this work is to assess the impacts of IPCC AR5 climate change
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